.. DO NOT EDIT.
.. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY.
.. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE:
.. "auto_examples/hybrid_choice/plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py"
.. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW.

.. only:: html

    .. note::
        :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note

        :ref:`Go to the end <sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_hybrid_choice_plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py>`
        to download the full example code.

.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title

.. _sphx_glr_auto_examples_hybrid_choice_plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py:


3. Hybrid choice model - maximum likelihood estimation
======================================================

This script estimates a **hybrid choice model** that combines:

- a discrete choice model, and
- a MIMIC model with two latent variables (structural and measurement equations),

using **maximum likelihood estimation** in Biogeme.

It represents the full model specification, bringing together the choice
component and the latent-variable component, and can be compared against:

- the choice-only model, and
- the MIMIC-only model,

to assess the contribution of latent variables to model performance.

The configuration is defined locally in this file and passed to the generic
estimation pipeline via :func:`estimate_model`.

Michel Bierlaire
Thu Dec 25 2025, 08:25:28

.. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 26-44




.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out

 .. code-block:: none

    Biogeme parameters read from biogeme.toml. 
    Results are read from the file saved_results/b03_hybrid_ml.yaml.
    Results for model b03_hybrid_ml
    Nbr of parameters:              75
    Sample size:                    896
    Excluded data:                  0
    Final log likelihood:           -17432.33
    Akaike Information Criterion:   35014.65
    Bayesian Information Criterion: 35374.5

                                                     Name  ...  BHHH p-value
    0                                       choice_asc_pt  ...  3.733223e-03
    1                             choice_beta_time_pt_ref  ...  6.241729e-05
    2                     beta_time_pt_lambda_environment  ...  4.461713e-02
    3           struct_environmental_attitude_childSuburb  ...  9.226889e-03
    4          struct_environmental_attitude_ScaledIncome  ...  1.601028e-04
    ..                                                ...  ...           ...
    70                      measurement_Envir02_sigma_log  ...  5.978541e-07
    71                        measurement_intercept_NbCar  ...  0.000000e+00
    72  measurement_coefficient_car_centric_attitude_N...  ...  2.449507e-11
    73                                   cars_delta_1_log  ...  0.000000e+00
    74                                   cars_delta_2_log  ...  0.000000e+00

    [75 rows x 5 columns]






|

.. code-block:: Python


    import biogeme.biogeme_logging as blog

    from config import Config
    from estimate import estimate_model

    logger = blog.get_screen_logger(level=blog.INFO)

    the_config = Config(
        name='b03_hybrid_ml',
        latent_variables="two",
        choice_model="yes",
        estimation="ml",
        number_of_bayesian_draws_per_chain=20_000,
        number_of_monte_carlo_draws=20_000,
    )

    estimate_model(config=the_config)


.. rst-class:: sphx-glr-timing

   **Total running time of the script:** (0 minutes 1.079 seconds)


.. _sphx_glr_download_auto_examples_hybrid_choice_plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py:

.. only:: html

  .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter

      :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: plot_b03_hybrid_ml.ipynb <plot_b03_hybrid_ml.ipynb>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python

      :download:`Download Python source code: plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py <plot_b03_hybrid_ml.py>`

    .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-zip

      :download:`Download zipped: plot_b03_hybrid_ml.zip <plot_b03_hybrid_ml.zip>`


.. only:: html

 .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature

    `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery <https://sphinx-gallery.github.io>`_